Release notes 0.20/de

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FreeCAD 0.20 wurde am 14 Juni 2022 veröffentlicht, es kann von der Download-Seite heruntergeladen werden. Diese Seite listet alle Neuerungen und Änderungen auf.

Ältere FreeCAD-Versionshinweise findet man in der Funktionsliste.

Modell eines 775 Gleichspannungsmotors von Benutzer "jimmihenry", siehe Users Showcase.
Das Modell wurde komplett mit den wöchentlichen development snapshots von FreeCAD 0.20 erstellt. Die Bilder für die animierte Grafik wurden mit dem FreeCAD-Makro Bildschirm Wiki erstellt. Die animierte GIF-Grafik selbst wurde unter Verwendung von GIMP erstellt. Für diese Versionshinweise wurde es mit ezgif zugeschnitten und in seiner Größe angepasst.

Allgemeines

freecad.org

Wir freuen uns darüber, dass das KiCAD-Projekt durch die KiCAD services corp. unsere Domain freecad.org sponsert. Jetzt sind alle FreeCAD-Webseiten unter freecadweb.org und freecad.org zu finden.

Bug/Issue tracker

Die FreeCAD-Fehlerverfolgung ist nach GitHub umgezogen: https://github.com/FreeCAD/FreeCAD/issues

Hinweis: Nur Fehlermeldungen, die zuvor im Forum diskutiert wurden, werden berücksichtigt. Fehlermeldungen ohne Diskussion werden geschlossen.

Ein neues Hilfesystem

The help system was rewritten and upgraded to display information directly from our Wiki. The system now relies on the Help Addon. When you first use the Help tool or the What's this? tool you will be asked to install it.

Benutzeroberfläche

Der Navigationswürfel wurde überarbeitet:

wurde eingeführt. Wenn aktiviert, wird die 3D-Ansicht zur nächstgelegenen logischen Position, basierend auf der aktuellen Ausrichtung des Würfels, gedreht, wenn eine Würfelfläche angeklickt wird. Andernfalls ergibt das Anklicken einer Fläche immer dieselbe Ausrichtung. Um den Unterschied zu verstehen, kann man die gleiche Klicksequenz ausprobieren, die in der Animation gezeigt wird, mit "Drehen zum nächstgelegenen" einmal aktiviert und einmal deaktiviert.

  • Wird auf die neue runde Schaltfläche in der rechten oberen Ecke des Würfel geklickt, kann schnell auf die Rückansicht der aktuellen Szene gewechselt werden.
  • Die Größe des Würfels kann jetzt mit der Einstellung Würfelgröße angepasst werden.

Forumsdiskussion, Pull request #4502 .

Tooltips now display the command name in the title, making it easier for new users to look for help. At the end of the tooltip the "internal" command name is added in parentheses: (Std_WhatsThis). This is also the name of the page that documents the command in the Wiki. Forum discussion, Pull request #4978 .
The new Std UserEditMode command allows the user to choose an edit mode that will be used when an object is double-clicked in the Tree view. Click the image on the left so see an animation of the selection. If a selected edit mode is not applicable, the object's default edit mode is used instead. Pull request #5110.
The Tree view context menu has the new entry Add dependent objects to selection.
Forum discussion, Pull request #4133.

In the image the Hole001 object was selected and then its
dependencies were added to the selection via the context menu.

The new tool Section Cut allows to get non-hollow and also persistent cuts of parts and assemblies.
Forum discussion, Pull request #4118.

Weitere Verbesserungen Benutzeroberfläche

Kernsystem und API

Core

When using Edit → Copy or Edit → Duplicate selection for an object with dependencies there is a new Use Original Selections button in the object selection dialog. Click this button to copy/duplicate only the objects you originally selected prior to opening the dialog, ignoring dependencies and ignoring any actions you might have taken while the dialog was open, such as checking or unchecking some of the checkboxes. The effect is the same as if you had unchecked all the checkboxes next to the objects you did not originally select and pressed OK. Note: special care should be taken when copying/duplicating TechDraw Pages. It is recommended to also copy/duplicate all children of the Page (Templates, Views, Dimensions, etc.). Otherwise changes to one Page will also impact the other page. For example, deleting a View on one Page also removes it from the other Page, or deleting a page will also remove all its content from the other Page.
A new type of add-on called a Preference Pack was added, allowing a subset of a user preferences file (user.cfg) to be saved, distributed, and easily applied by other users. Preference Packs can be use to distribute "Themes," for example, by allowing a developer to include both a Qt stylesheet for widgets as well as a set of other colors and styles for items in the user interface that cannot be set using a stylesheet (e.g. text colors in the Python editor or report view, etc.). Anything that can be configured via a user.cfg file can be set using a Preference Pack. Forum discussion
The "Workbenches" preference panel was modified to support the ability to "autoload" workbenches on FreeCAD startup.

On Linux, the default location of FreeCAD's configuration, data and cache files was changed to follow the XDG Base Directory Specification. Forum discussion. Here is a comparison of the old and new locations:

Description Old location New location Defaults to
Configuration files $HOME/.FreeCAD $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/FreeCAD $HOME/.config/FreeCAD
Data files $HOME/.FreeCAD $XDG_DATA_HOME/FreeCAD $HOME/.local/share/FreeCAD
Cache files /tmp $XDG_CACHE_HOME/FreeCAD $HOME/.cache/FreeCAD

If you wish to keep using the old locations you may start FreeCAD with the --keep-deprecated-paths option.

API

FreeCAD received many new Python API functions:

New Python API

  • ChFi2d_AnaFilletAlgoPy: An analytical algorithm for the calculation of fillets. commit f94ab3ec
  • ChFi2d_ChamferAPIPy: Algorithm that creates a chamfer between two linear edges. commit 30f8015e7
  • Circle2dPy::getCircleCenter: Gets the circle center defined by three points. commit 3dc91fa2
  • ComplexGeoDataPy::applyRotation: Applies an additional rotation to the placement. commit 32592de8
  • ComplexGeoDataPy::applyTranslation: Applies an additional translation to the placement. commit 32592de8
  • ComplexGeoDataPy::countSubElements: Returns the number of elements of a type. commit 32592de8
  • ComplexGeoDataPy::getElementTypes: Returns a list of element types. commit 32592de8
  • ComplexGeoDataPy::getFaces: Returns a tuple of points and triangles with a given accuracy. commit 32592de8
  • ComplexGeoDataPy::getLines: Returns a tuple of points and lines with a given accuracy. commit 32592de8
  • ComplexGeoDataPy::getLinesFromSubelement: Returns vertexes and lines from a sub-element. commit 32592de8
  • ComplexGeoDataPy::getPoints: Returns a tuple of points and normals with a given accuracy. commit 32592de8
  • ComplexGeoDataPy::transformGeometry: Applies a transformation to the underlying geometry. commit 32592de8
  • DocumentPy::clearDocument: Clears the whole document. commit 526dc1a0
  • DocumentPy::getFileName: For a regular document it returns its file name property. For a temporary document it returns its transient directory. commit 526dc1a0
  • DocumentPy::getProgramVersion: Gets the program version that a project file was created with. commit 526dc1a0
  • DocumentPy::isClosable: Checks if the document can be closed. commit 526dc1a0
  • DocumentPy::isSaved: Checks if the document is saved. commit 526dc1a0
  • DocumentPy::isTouched: Checks if any object is in touched state. commit 526dc1a0
  • DocumentPy::mustExecute: Checks if any object must be recomputed. commit 526dc1a0
  • DocumentPy::purgeTouched: Purges the touched state of all objects. commit 526dc1a0
  • DocumentPy::setClosable: Sets a flag that allows or forbids to close a document. commit 526dc1a0
  • HLRBRep_AlgoPy: To access Part's hidden line removal (HLR). commit 73a98671
  • HLRBRep_PolyAlgoPy: To access Part's poly hidden line removal (HLR). commit ea85cf5e
  • HLRToShapePy: To access Part's hidden line removal (HLR). commit 73a98671
  • PolyHLRToShapePy: To access Part's poly hidden line removal (HLR). commit ea85cf5e
  • PrecisionPy: To access the precision defined by the OpenCascade kernel. commit 20b86e55
  • PropertyContainerPy::setDocumentationOfProperty: Sets the documentation string of a dynamic property of this class. commit 8cf3cf33
  • PropertyContainerPy::setGroupOfProperty: Set the name of the group of a dynamic property. commit 8cf3cf33
  • PythonWorkbenchPy::reloadActive: Reload the active workbench after changing menus or toolbars. commit 0bbc253d
  • RotationPy::fromEuler: Sets the Euler angles of a rotation or gets the Euler angles in a given sequence for a rotation. commit 951a0be9
  • RotationPy::toEulerAngles: Gets the Euler angles in a given sequence for this rotation.. commit c1454dfb
  • UnitsApi::sToNumber: Converts a quantity or float to a string. commit befbd95d
  • View3DInventorPy::getCornerCrossSize: Returns current corner axis cross size. commit 9d15df29
  • View3DInventorPy::setPopupMenuEnabled: Enables popup menu. commit 9def811a
  • View3DInventorPy::isCornerCrossVisible: Returns current corner axis cross visibility. commit 9d15df29
  • View3DInventorPy::isPopupMenuEnabled: Returns if popup menu is enabled. commit 9def811a
  • View3DInventorPy::projectPointToLine: Projects the given 2d point to a line. commit b6527a70
  • View3DInventorPy::setCornerCrossSize: Defines corner axis cross size. commit 9d15df29
  • View3DInventorPy::setCornerCrossVisible: Defines corner axis cross visibility. commit 9d15df29

Changed Python API

  • MeshObject::trim(base, normal) was changed to MeshPy::trimByPlane(base, normal): Trims the mesh with a given plane. commit 837de28e

Erweiterungsverwalter

The Addon Manager was modified to support the distribution of Preference Packs, and to display information found in an addon's metadata. The Addon Manager also includes improved support for Addons whose source code is located at several different git hosting locations. Networking support was improved to provide more robust handling of SSL connections and support for proxies requiring authentication. Support was added for automatically adding macro buttons to the toolbar after installing, for disabling Addons without removing them, and for switching which git branch of an Addon is checked out. Finally, the user interface was modified to improve searching and display of different list filters.

Arbeitsbereich Architektur

 SketchArch workbench

With the Attach Feature it is now possible to place Windows and Equipment parametrically and intuitively in relation to Walls. To use this feature the experimental external SketchArch Workbench must be installed. Add-on and ReadMe on Github (Not yet available in the Add-on Manager).

Forum discussion

New properties for Arch Structure objects:
  • BasePerpendicularToTool: it creates a copy of the Base (extrusion profile) at the beginning of the Tool (extrusion path) and places it perpendicular to the first edge of the tool. It is the same as attaching the Base with MapMode=NormalToEdge, but it is automatic and allows to reuse the same Base object for multiple Structures. When BasePerpendicularToTool = True, more properties control the placement of the Base relative to the Tool axis. They are shown in the attached image.
  • ToolOffsetFirst and ToolOffsetLast: extend/trim the Structure at the start and end respectively (the real length of the Structure is available in the ComputedLength read-only property).
  • BaseRotation: rotate the Base (the rotation is around the Base's "(0,0)" point which is the center for Arch Profiles, the origin for Sketches and usually the first point for Draft Wires).
  • BaseOffsetX and BaseOffsetY: move the Base (extrusion profile).
  • BaseMirror: mirror the Base (extrusion profile).

A new command Create multiple Arch Structure was also added. It uses the first selected object as a Base, and creates Arch Structures objects for every Edge of the other selected objects. Then, the properties of individual Structure objects can be adjusted in the Property editor. This command was added for workflow with a master Sketch (there is risk of topological naming problem unless you create non-parametric copy of the master Sketch or use Realthunder's version).

Support for 2D data such as linework, hatches, texts and dimensions is now enabled in IFC import and export, which contributes to making the IFC format more and more suitable for traditional 2D CAD work. A similar effort is being made in BlenderBIM. More 2D workflow improvements are documented in this forum thread.

Forum discussion, Pull request #3229

Arbeitsbereich Entwurf

Weitere Entwurf Verbesserungen

Arbeitsbereich FEM


Die neuen Z88-Einstellungen und ihre Standardwerte 		Der Gleichungslöser Z88 ist jetzt voll einsetzbar. Die Berechnungsmethode und die Speichereinstellungen können angepasst werden. Die neuen Standardwerte ermöglichen, auch komplexe Simulationen direkt auszuführen.

commit d035bbc1ca and following


Ergebnisse einer linearen Analyse auf Knicken.
Das Blid anklicken, um die Animation anzusehen. 		Es ist jetzt möglich, Knickanalysen unter Verwendung des Gleichungslösers Calculix auszuführen. Pull-Request #4379


Wirkung von Netzweite von Krümmung; links: auf 12 gesetzt, rechts: deaktiviert

Es gibt eine neue Eigenschaft für den Gmsh Vernetzer. Die Anzahl der Netzelemente pro mal dem Radius der Krümmung kann angegeben werden. Der Standardwert ist 12. Um ein feineres Netz an kleinen Ecken oder Löchern zu erhalten, kann dieser Wert erhöht werden, um bessere Ergebnisse zu erzielen. Diese Funktion erfordert Gmsh 4.8 oder eine neuere Version.

Forumsdiskussion, Pull-Request #4596


Auswirkung des recombination Algorithmus; links: mit Simple, rechts: mit Simple full-quad

FreeCAD erlaubt jetzt die Auswahl eines Algorithmus sowie die 3D-Netzrekombination für den Gleichungslöser Gmsh. Für weitere Details über die Rekombination von Netzelementen siehe FEM NetzGmshAusForm.

Pull-Request #4706

Weitere FEM Verbesserungen

Export

Polygonnetze

Improved support for NASTRAN GRID elements

The Mesh import tool now supports the high-precision "GRID*" element. The standard-precision "GRID" element was also improved, now supporting both space-delimited numeric input as well as fixed-field-width input, per the NASTRAN95 format documentation.

Weitere Polygonnetz Verbesserungen

Fixed false negatives during self-intersection tests when facets are coplanar: Pull request #5002.

OpenSCAD Arbeitsbereich

Interoperability with OpenSCAD has been improved, adding support for several operations missing from earlier versions (linear extrude with rotations, rotational extrusions). Several operations are modified to provide improved FreeCAD object equivalents, particularly for twisted extrusions. Surface generation from discrete data was modified to give more OpenSCAD-like results, rather than splined surfaces.

New options were added to support running either FreeCAD, OpenSCAD, or both, in sandboxed environments such as AppImages and Snap packages: data can now be transferred to and from OpenSCAD via the standard temporary directory mechanism, via a user-specified temp directory that both executables have access to, or new to OpenSCAD 2021.1, via a "stdout pipe" mechanism, bypassing temporary files entirely.

The following options were added to the task panel of the Add OpenSCAD element feature: 
Load    - load a scad file
Save    - save a scad file
Refresh - Update FreeCAD view
Clear   - Clear text input

A new text box gives feedback about OpenSCAD errors.

Arbeitsbereich Formteil


Tapered extrusion of a sketch with an inner structure. 		A tapered extrusion of inner structures now creates usable results. Previously, inner structures were extruded as if they were stand-alone and not part of a structure.

Pull request #5367

Weitere Formteil Verbesserungen

Arbeitsbereich PartDesign


Padding along an edge from the model.
Click on the image to see the animation. 		There is a new option to Pad along the direction of an edge in the 3D model.

Pull request #4685

When Distance and Angle is specified in the Chamfer tool and faces are selected, the distance will be applied along the selected faces. Likewise if two distances are specified then Size 1 will be applied along the selected face.

This behaviour can be swapped to the other face using the flip direction button. Forum discussion, Pull request #5039


A loft with multiple sections, the final one is a vertex. 		It is now possible to create an Additive or Subtractive Loft, or an Additive or Subtractive Pipe towards, or from, a Vertex of either a sketch or a body. This allows to create pyramids for example.
Note: Vertices in sketches are created as construction geometry. To use them as endpoints of lofts, you must first change them to normal geometry.

Pull request #5170 (for lofts), Pull request #5193 (for pipes)


A tapered pocket within a non-tapered pad. 		The dialog for Pad and Pocket offers to set a taper angle for the extrusion.

Pull request #5357


Pocketing along different directions.
Click on the image to see the animation. 		It is now possible to specify the direction for the Pocket extrusion.

Pull request #5164

The dialog to edit Cylinders (additive and subtractive) now allows to specify an angle relative to the normal of the chosen attachment plane. This way one can create skew cylinders. Pull request #4708
The Helix feature has the new mode Height-Turns-Growth to create flat spirals.

Forum thread Pull request #4590


A single Pad and a single Revolution with nested profiles. The base block is only there to ensure that the part is a single solid. 		All PartDesign features that can extrude sketches can now handle sketches with nested profiles that form islands. For example it is possible to Revolve a sketch consisting of 3 nested circles with the same center point.
Note: Extruding nested profiles only works if the result is still a single body.

Pull request #6381


Effect of the new option Length along sketch normal.
Click on the image to see the animation. 		There is a new option to Pad a certain length along the direction. The length is either measured along the sketch normal or along the custom direction.

Forum discussion, Pull request #3893

The Hole feature can now model true threads.

Forum thread Pull request #4274

Weitere PartDesign Verbesserungen

Arbeitsbereich Pfad

Plot module

Arbeitsbereich Skizzierer

Neue Aufteilen Funktion zum Aufteilen bestehender Linien oder Bögen.

Forumsdiskussion Pull-Rrequest #4420

Neues Abgerundetes Rechteck Werkzeug zum Erstellen von Rechtecken mit abgerundeten Ecken.

Forumsdiskussion Main Pull-Request #4835

Neu Zentriertes Rechteck Werkzeug um Rechtecke über einen Mittelpunkt zu definieren.

Main commit

Neu Radiam Funktion zur automatischen Zuweisung von Gewicht auf B-Spline-Pol, Durchmesser auf Vollkreis oder Radius auf Bogen. Unterstützung von Mehrfachauswahl als Durchmesser/Radius Werkzeuge.

Forumsdiskussion Haupt-Pull-Request #4855

Neues Werkzeug für Randbedingungen Achsenausrichtung entfernen zum Entfernen der Achsenausrichtung unter Beibehaltung der festgelegten Beziehungen in der Auswahl.

Main commit

Slots können horizontal oder vertikal festgelegt werden, entweder durch manuelles Einrasten mit der Ctrl-Taste oder durch den Einsatz der Option Automatische Randbedingungen im Sketcher.

Pull-Request #5200

Ein neues Werkzeug Knoten einfügen zum Einfügen eines Knotens in einen vorhandenen B-Spline.

Pull-Request #5311 und Pull-Request #6356

Weitere Skizzierer Verbesserungen

Arbeitsbereich Tabellenkalkulation

The workbench now has Preferences. They are used by the Spreadsheet Import and Spreadsheet Export commands.

Pull request #5073

It is now possible to setup configuration tables. This way one can define different parameter sets for the same part.

Part of Pull request #2862.

Cells can now be bound to other cells of the same or a different spreadsheet.

Part of Pull request #2862.

Weitere Verbesserungen Tabellenkalkulation

Arbeitsbereich TechDraw

More than 30 new tools, so-called Extensions, are now available. They offer new cosmetic features to enhance drawings.

Weitere TechDraw Verbesserungen

Internet

Qt WebEngine is now considered the default option instead of Qt WebKit.

Externe Arbeitsbereiche

Note: these are the new workbenches created in this development cycle, or older workbenches that received updates. See external workbenches for more workbenches that can be installed, and which cover a wide variety of topics. If you want to see your workbench added, join the forum and present your code.

A2plus

Several features to view, inspect and edit existing constraints were added. One can now e.g. highlight constraints with a label, suppress a constraint temporarily or run the solver only for a particular constraint.

For more information see the constraint handling description.

Assembly3

The Assembly3 Workbench is available (as of March 2022) through the AddonManager. This makes for easy installation and management of the external dependencies of the workbench.

Assembly3 is used to create assemblies of different bodies contained in a single file or in multiple documents leveraging the full power of FreeCAD’s Link system. Learn more about Links in this video presentation from Realthunder.

Assembly3 Workbench uses SolveSpace as it’s solver.

Extensive documentation can be found at the main FreeCAD Assembly3 wiki page or Realthunder's GitHub Assembly3 wiki

Main features:
  • Dynamic/interactive solver: move parts with the mouse while the solver constrains the motion.
  • Links: use one single part multiple times in an assembly.
  • External links: allows usage of parts from external documents.
  • Hierarchical assemblies: permits the creation of sub assemblies.
  • Assembly freeze: assemblies that are not required to remain dynamic can be excluded from calculations and are considered fixed geometry by the asm3 solver.
  • And much more.

Assembly4


Different length of a beam as variant. 		New feature to add variants. These are links to a part with varying parameters, meaning that you can insert the same part several times, and adjust the parameters of each instance. For more info see this forum thread.

An animated assembly.
Click on the image to see the animation. 		Animations can be exported to the MP4 and GIF format.

FCGear

The FCGear Workbench received a couple of improvements:

Plot

Ship

The Ship Workbench is back to life!

Kompilieren

Since this release FreeCAD can only be compiled using Qt 5.x and Python 3.x. The lowest supported Python version is 3.6.9 according to this forum thread.

Zum Kompilieren von FreeCAD siehe die Anleitungen für Windows, Linux und MacOS.

Die unterstützten Betriebssysteme sind:

Bekannte Einschränkungen

32-bit-Windows

Seit FreeCAD 0.19 wird 32bit Windows nicht mehr offiziell unterstützt. FreeCAD kann auf solchen Systemen funktionieren, es wird aber keine Hilfestellung (mehr) dazu geben.

Remote-Desktop unter Windows

Abhängig von den OpenGL-Grafik-Fähigkeiten eines Rechners kann es vorkommen, dass FreeCAD abstürzt, wenn man es über Remote-Desktop ausführt. Dies lässt sich durch Aktualisieren des OpenGL-Treibers beheben. Nur wenn das nicht hilft:

MacOS: Arbeitsbereich Start zeigt eine leere Seite

Zeigt der Arbeitsbereich Start nur eine leere Seite, muss die Einstellung Software OpenGL verwenden im Menü Edit → Einstellungen → Anzeige aktiviert werden.